The discovery that D-dimer may be elevated in COVID-19 was first reported by physicians in Wuhan, China where the epidemic started.

Chronic kidney disease (CKD): a study of prevalence in the community

Serum/plasma potassium concentration in health and disease

Frequent point-of-care creatinine measurement in the critically ill allows early prediction of AKI

Pregnancy is associated with significant anatomical and physiological change in order to both accommodate and sustain the developing fetus. As this literature review article written by two Australian obstetricians makes clear, pregnancy-associated physiological change affects the blood concentration of a range of...

Thanks to KDIGO collaborative guidelines, diagnosis of acute kidney injury (AKI), defined as sudden decrease in kidney function (i.e. sudden decrease in glomerular filtration rate GFR), is simple and straight forwardly based on measurement of serum creatinine concentration and urine output. AKI is confirmed if any of...

Reduced plasma/serum sodium (hyponatremia), widely defined as plasma/serum sodium Mild hyponatremia, i.e. plasma/serum sodium in the approximate range of 130 to 136 mmol/L, is usually not associated with symptoms, but most patients whose plasma/serum is Explanation of these effects of hyponatremia is contained in...

Because measurements of GFR are tedious, estimated GFRs based on creatinine or cystatin C are widely used for assessing kidney function. Both measured GFRs and the Staging System for CKD based on GFR have analytical and clinical shortcomings. The advantages of serum creatinine and cystatin C, and eGFR will be...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is defined as an abrupt decrease in kidney function evidenced by recent (within 48 hours) increase in serum creatinine concentration equal to or greater than 26.5 µmol/L (0.3 mg/dL). It can be a complication of many conditions that warrant hospital admission so it is common; up to 20 % of...

As the authors of this review article acknowledge, chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a growing public health burden around the world. Recent study, cited by the authors, suggests an estimated 14 % of the US population are now diagnosed with CKD, and 0.2 % have end-stage renal disease (ESRD), the most severe presentation ...